Research: An Economic Imperative

The economic imperative to conquer diabetes.

The new data presented in this issue (1) estimating the 2007 economic cost of diabetes in the U.S. at $174 billion are sobering. One in five health care dollars is spent caring for someone with diabetes, and one in ten dollars spent on health care is attributable to diabetes and its complications. In addition to the $116 billion in excess medical expenditures, the loss to the nation in economic...

An imperative need for global change research in tropical forests.

Tropical forests play a crucial role in regulating regional and global climate dynamics, and model projections suggest that rapid climate change may result in forest dieback or savannization. However, these predictions are largely based on results from leaf-level studies. How tropical forests respond and feedback to climate change is largely unknown at the ecosystem level. Several complementary...

Knowledge Mobilization: the New Research Imperative

These sorts of questions, despite their many embedded definitional, philosophical and pragmatic problems, are commanding urgent attention in educational discourses and research policies now circulating in the UK and Europe, Canada and the US, Australia and other parts of the world. This attention has been translated into powerful material exercises that shape what is considered to be worthwhile...

The Sustainability Imperative in Information Systems Research

An Imperative Object Calculus

1 Abstract. We develop an imperative calculus of objects. Its main type constructor is the one for object types, which incorporate variance annotations and Self types. A subtyping relation between object types supports object subsumption. The type system for objects relies on unusual but beneficial assumptions about the possible subtypes of an object type. With the addition of polymorphism, the...